HTML
HTML is a format that tells a computer how to display a web page. The documents themselves are plain text files with special "tags" or codes that a web browser uses to interpret and display information on your computer screen. HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It’s the primary language that’s used to create web pages, so you’ll come to know it very well through the course of this book.
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Introduction To HTML
· An HTML file is a text file containing small markup tags
· The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page
· An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension
HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 but "HTML 2.0" was the first standard HTML specification which was published in 1995. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML and it was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently we are having HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published in 2012.
Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of Documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers. Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML language.
CSS
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. We’ll be using a combination of XHTML and CSS to create web sites. CSS is a language that lets you control how your web pages look, but we’ll go over that in more detail later. For now, it’s important that you know what the abbreviation stands for. Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic working knowledge with Windows or Linux operating system, additionally you must be familiar with:
· Experience with any text editor like notepad, notepad++, or Edit plus etc.
· How to create directories and files on your computer
· How to navigate through different directories.
· How to type content in a file and save them on a computer.
· Understanding about images in different formats like JPEG, PNG format.
Basic HTML Document
In its simplest form, following is an example of an HTML document:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>
Either you can use Try it option available at the top right corner of the code box to check the result of this HTML code, or let's save it in an HTML file test.htmlusing your favorite text editor. Finally open it using a web browser like Internet Explorer or Google Chrome, or Firefox etc. It must show the following output:
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